Turborepo

Turborepo is a build orchestrator for JavaScript and TypeScript monorepos, acquired and developed by Vercel and released under the MIT license. It sits on top of package-manager workspaces (npm, pnpm, Yarn or Bun) and reads a turbo.json file that declares tasks such as build, test and lint and how they depend on one another across packages. From that graph it schedules tasks in parallel where possible, runs them in topological order where required, and caches each task's outputs keyed by a hash of inputs, so unchanged packages are restored from cache rather than rebuilt.

Remote caching shares those artifacts between developers and CI machines; Vercel hosts a remote cache and the protocol is open so self-hosted implementations exist. Turborepo is written in Rust and is commonly used in repositories that combine a Next.js application, shared UI packages and configuration packages. It does not replace bundlers or test runners, only coordinates them, and its scope is narrower than Nx, which adds code generators and project graphs for many languages. Other caveats include the learning needed to express task inputs and outputs correctly for caching to be reliable, and the tie between the hosted remote cache and Vercel accounts.